The botanical text-book, by A. Gray (G.L. Goodale).1885 |
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Other editions - View all
The Botanical Text-Book, by A. Gray (G.L. Goodale) Asa Gray,George Lincoln Goodale No preview available - 2015 |
Common terms and phrases
absorption alcohol amount appear assimilation atmosphere bark become Botanische Zeitung branches calcic cambium carbonic acid cell-wall cellulose cent central cylinder changes chemical chlorophyll chlorophyll granules circumnutation color coloring-matter containing cork cortex cotyledons crystals cutinized Darwin dicotyledons dilute dissolved ducts elements elongated endodermis epidermis evaporation examined experiments fascicles fibres fibro-vascular bundles flower germination given glands glass glycerin green growth hairs hydrochloric acid instance internodes iodine layer leaf leaves libriform light liquid mass matters micella microscope minute monocotyledons movement nearly nitric acid nitrogen nucleus organs ovule oxygen parenchyma parenchyma cells petiole Pfeffer pith plants pollen-grains portion potassic produced protein protoplasm radial radicle rays reagent roots Sachs seedlings seeds sér shown side soil soluble solution sometimes species specimen starch stem stoma stomata structure substance sulphuric surface temperature thickness thin threads tion tissues tracheids transpiration Transverse tube vegetable wall wood wood-cells woody
Popular passages
Page 410 - ... radicle. If the tip be lightly pressed, or burnt or cut, it transmits an influence to the upper adjoining part, causing it to bend away from the affected side; and, what is more surprising, the tip can distinguish between a slightly harder and softer object, by which it is simultaneously pressed on opposite sides.
Page 299 - ... as an essential property of the gaseous condition of matter. According to the physical hypothesis now generally received, a gas is represented as consisting of solid and perfectly elastic spherical particles or atoms, which move in all directions, and are animated with different degrees of velocity in different gases.
Page 222 - But, on the other hand, their peculiar physical aggregation with the chemical indifference referred to, appears to be required in substances that can intervene in the organic processes of life. The plastic elements of the animal body are found in this class.
Page 221 - Another eminently characteristic quality of colloids, is their mutability. Their existence is a continued metastasis. A colloid may be compared in this respect to water while existing liquid at a temperature below its usual freezing-point, or to a supersaturated saline solution.
Page 418 - Finally, it is impossible not to be struck with the resemblance between the foregoing movements of plants and many of the actions performed unconsciously by the lower animals. With plants an astonishingly small stimulus suffices ; and even with allied plants one may be highly sensitive to the slightest continued pressure, and another highly sensitive to a slight momentary touch.
Page 338 - Sanderson, who observed the changes under the microscope, and were much struck with the whole phenomenon. The little masses of aggregated matter are of the most diversified shapes, often spherical or oval, sometimes much elongated, or quite irregular with thread- or necklace-like or club-formed projections. They consist of thick, apparently viscid matter, which in the exterior tentacles is of a purplish, and in the short distal tentacles of a greenish, colour.
Page 192 - Egyptian temples. Some are almost cylindrical, rising up out of the ground as if their bases were concealed by accumulations of the soil; others get much thicker near the ground like our spreading oaks; others again, and these are very characteristic, send out towards the base flat and wing-like projections. These projections are thin slabs radiating from the main trunk, from which they stand out like the buttresses of a Gothic cathedral. They rise to various heights on the tree, from five or six...
Page 322 - Accordingly, on the 17th of August, 1771, I put a sprig of mint into a quantity of air, in which a wax candle had burned out, and found that, on the 27th of the same month, another candle burned perfectly well in it. This experiment I repeated, without the least variation in the event, not less than eight or ten times in the remainder of the summer.
Page 163 - ... bundles ; or the increased size of the coming leaf-bud will snap them ; or, if these causes are not in operation, a gust of wind, a heavy shower, or even the simple weight of the lamina, will be enough to disrupt the small connections and send the suicidal member to its grave. Such is the history of the fall of the leaf.
Page 346 - The cause which attracts flies is evidently a sweet, viscid substance resembling honey, secreted by or exuding from the internal surface of the tube. . . . From the margin, where it commences, it does not extend lower than one-fourth of an inch. " The falling of the insect as soon as it enters the tube is wholly attributable to the downward or inverted position of the hairs of the internal surface of the leaf . At the bottom of a tube split open, the hairs are plainly discernible pointing...