Cardinal Rules of Legal Interpretation

53 Vict Act 1st January Act of Parliament Act passed agreement altered ambiguity apply ascertain authority Barrister-at-Law Beav binding Bing Brett circumstances cited clause clear Coke commencement Commissioners common law considered construed according contract contrary intention appears Court of Appeal covenant decisions declaration deed delivering the judgment Demy 8vo document doubt Dublin mean duty Edition effect enactment England English equity evidence expression foreign give H. L. Cas House of Lords inconsistent instrument Interpretation Act Ireland Jessel judge jury justice L. J. Ch L. J. Ex laid language legislature Lord Ellenborough Lord Esher Lord Mansfield Lord Tenterden meaning ment operation particular parties patent patent ambiguity person plain preamble primâ facie principle provisions reason recitals reference remedy repealed repugnant Royal 8vo rule of construction rule of law Sect session statute subject-matter subsequent technical words testator thing tion unless the contrary