The Power of Movement in Plants |
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Common terms and phrases
apex apheliotropic apogeotropism arched basal bean became bend beneath the horizon blade bowed Brassica oleracea Cassia cause caustic cauterised circum circumnutating movement close coty cotyl cotyledons course curvature curved damp darkness deflected described dicotyledonous direction diurnal position ellipses epicotyl exposed figure following morning geotropism glass filament ground growing growth heliotropic horizontal glass hypocotyl hypogean illuminated inch in height inch in length inclined lateral leaflets lateral light leaf leaves ledons Leguminosa magnified main petiole manner ment Mimosa pudica move nearly nocturnal nutation nyctitropic movements observed original scale Oxalis peduncle perpendicular petiole Phalaris plumule position pulvinus radicles right angles rise rose Sachs seed seed-coats seedlings sensitive shellac shoot shown side sink sleep slightly species squares of card stem stolon stood straight summit temperature terminal leaflet tips traced Trifolium tropism upper surfaces upright upwards vertical glass Vicia faba whilst Würzburg young leaf zigzag line
Popular passages
Page 98 - illustration of the principle of compensation or balancement of growth, or, as Goethe expresses it, " in order to spend on one side, Nature is forced to economise on the other side." Circumnutation and other movements of Hypocotyls and
Page 197 - This movement, moreover, combined with the sensitiveness of the tip to contact, can hardly fail to be of the highest importance ; for as the tip is always endeavouring to bend to all sides it will press on all sides, and will thus be able to discriminate between the harder and softer adjoining surfaces,
Page 200 - in the hardness of the soil, and he will turn from that side ; if the earth is damper on one than on the other side he will turn thitherward as a better hunting-ground. Nevertheless, after each interruption, guided by the sense of gravity, he will be able to recover his downward course and to burrow to a greater depth.
Page 587 - in which slight pressure causes a cellular outgrowth. Finally, it is impossible not to be struck with the resemblance between the foregoing movements of plants and many of the actions performed unconsciously by the lower
Page 588 - to the slightest continued pressure, and another highly sensitive to a slight momentary touch. The habit of moving at certain periods is inherited both by plants and animals ; and several other points of similitude have been specified. But the most striking resemblance is the localisation of their sensitiveness, and the transmission of an influence from the excited part to another which consequently moves.
Page 106 - on him. He would first endeavour to get his arched back upright, wriggling at the same time in all directions to free himself a little from the surrounding pressure ; and this may represent the combined effects of apogeotropism and circumnutation, when a seed is so buried that the arched hypocotyl or epicotyl protrudes at first in a horizontal or inclined plane. The
Page 224 - for it stood at a less angle above the horizon in the middle of the day, than in the morning or evening. By 10.20 PM it had risen greatly. During the middle of the day it oscillated much up and down.
Page 3 - that apparently every growing part of every plant is continually circumnutating, though often on a small scale. Even the stems of seedlings before they have broken through the ground, as well as their buried radicles,
Page 564 - resides in the tip; and it is the tip which transmits some influence to the adjoining parts, causing them to bend. As soon as the tip, protected by the rootcap, reaches the ground, it penetrates the surface, if this be soft or friable ; and the act of penetration is apparently aided by the rocking or
Page 266 - these are usually inclined at about 45° above the horizon, but they stiffen and straighten themselves so as to stand upright in a part of their circular course, namely, when they approach and have to pass over the summit of the shoot from which they arise. If they had not possessed and exercised this curious