Relativity: The Special and the General Theory

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Penguin, Jul 25, 2006 - Science - 160 pages
An accesible version of Einstein's masterpiece of theory, written by the genius himself

According to Einstein himself, this book is intended "to give an exact insight into the theory of Relativity to those readers who, from a general scientific and philosophical point of view, are interested in the theory, but who are not conversant with the mathematical apparatus of theoretical physics." When he wrote the book in 1916, Einstein's name was scarcely known outside the physics institutes. Having just completed his masterpiece, The General Theory of Relativity—which provided a brand-new theory of gravity and promised a new perspective on the cosmos as a whole—he set out at once to share his excitement with as wide a public as possible in this popular and accessible book.

Here published for the first time as a Penguin Classic, this edition of Relativity features a new introduction by bestselling science author Nigel Calder.

For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.
 

Contents

Physical Meaning of Geometrical Propositions
7
The System of Coordinates
10
Space and Time in Classical Mechanics
13
The Galileian System of Coordinates
15
The Principle of Relativity in the Restricted Sense
16
The Theorem of the Addition of Velocities Employed in Classical Mechanics
19
The Apparent Incompatibility of the Law of Propagation of Light with the Principle of Relativity
20
On the Idea of Time in Physics
23
In What Respects Are the Foundations of Classical Mechanics and of the Special Theory of Relativity Unsatisfactory?
67
A Few Inferences from the General Principle of Relativity
69
Behaviour of Clocks and MeasuringRods on a Rotating Body of Reference
73
Euclidean and NonEuclidean Continuum
76
Gaussian Coordinates
79
The SpaceTime Continuum of the Special Theory of Relativity Considered as a Euclidean Continuum
83
The SpaceTime Continuum of the General Theory of Relativity Is Not a Euclidean Continuum
85
Exact Formulation of the General Principle of Relativity
88

The Relativity of Simultaneity
26
On the Relativity of the Conception of Distance
29
The Lorentz Transformation
31
The Behaviour of MeasuringRods and Clocks in Motion
36
Theorem of the Addition of the Velocities The Experiment of Fizeau
38
The Heuristic Value of the Theory of Relativity
42
General Results of the Theory
44
Experience and the Special Theory of Relativity
48
Minkowskis FourDimensional Space
52
Special and General Principle of Relativity
57
The Gravitational Field
60
The Equality of Inertial and Gravitational Mass as an Argument for the General Postulate of Relativity
63
The Solution of the Problem of Gravitation on the Basis of the General Principle of Relativity
91
Cosmological Difficulties of Newtons Theory
97
The Possibility of a Finite and Yet Unbounded Universe
99
The Structure of Space According to the General Theory of Relativity
103
Simple Derivation of the Lorentz Transformation
105
Minkowskis FourDimensional Space World
111
The Experimental Confirmation of the General Theory of Relativity
113
a Motion of the Perihelion of Mercury
114
b Deflection of Light by a Gravitational Field
116
c Displacement of Spectral Lines towards the Red
118
Index
123
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About the author (2006)

Albert Einstein (1879–1955), one of the greatest thinkers of the twentieth century, was born in Ulm, Germany, to German-Jewish parents. He published his first great theories in Switzerland in the early 1900s while working as a patent clerk.

Nigel Calder, educated as a physicist at Cambridge University, began his full-time writing career on the original staff of New Scientist magazine. His most recent book is the bestselling Einstein's Universe.

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